Reverse wound yarn package



May 22, 1934. SNOW I 1,960,128

REVERSE wouun YARN PACKAGE Filed Feb. 5, 1951 Y Ma g5 69 I 68 60 r I 78 7? X INVENTOR.

mm" BY Gym KW ATTORNEY.

I f l f/ //777% I I 88 I 2 83 so illll Patented May 22, 1934 UNITEF) STATES PATENT oFFicE This invention relates to such a yarn package as is comprised in a shuttle with its bobbin carrying filling yarn for use in a loom or in such a bobbin alone carrying yarn wound with what is known as a filling or spinning wind.

As is well known, filling yarn is wound on a bobbin for use in a shuttle in a somewhat different way from yarn wound or spun on a bobbin for use in a warp.

A filling wind on a bobbin is wound by a Winding machine or a machine having a builder motion. Such devices produce a short reciprocal traverse motion and a long constant pick or builder motion whereby the yarn is wound from the bobbin head towards the tip, each succeeding coil overlapping its predecessor. This is known as a filling wind as distinguished from a warp or spool wind.

The filling yarn wound on a bobbin in a shuttle must be so wound and so controlled that it will run out through the shuttle eye quite freely, but at the same time it should have upon it a sufficient tension or there should be sufficient friction or drag upon it so that it will not run out too fast and cause defective cloth or kink or snarl in the shuttle.

Rayon and silk are particularly difficult to control in a shuttle, as. rayon especially has a tendency to spring off from the bobbin incoils unless a very heavy friction device is used or even if such a friction device is located away from the tip of the bobbin.

I have discovered that by enlarging the tip preferably by using the yarn itself or by using the yarn in connectionwith an annular enlargement of the tip and winding the layers or coils of yarn on the bobbin starting at the tip end or near the tip end and continuing in a series of concentric overlapping layers the great est diameter of the majority of such layers being substantially the same towards the head end, as a reverse filling wind, when the yarn is unwinding, it must traverse between the rest of the yarn package and the sides of the bobbin chamber or friction material attached inside thereof with the result that the tension is generally uniform and the tendency of the yarn to spring off from the bobbin tip in coils is entirely counteracted.

As the pull is always towards the yarn mass instead of away from it, the tendency to spring oil is replaced by a tendency to stay on.

This is especially true because the unwinding yarn must always pass around the large end of one or more overlapping layers and between such layers and the inside walls of the bobbin recess of the shuttle until down to almost the last layers.

In the drawing, Fig. l is a plan view of a yarn package comprising a complete shuttle with a bobbin carried therein, the bobbin having a yarn mass of the peculiar type described herein.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a bobbin of a preferred type with the windings or layers of the yarn mass shown diagrammatically.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 looking from the left.

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic perspective showing one of the overlapping conoidal coil sections of the yarn mass.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a bobbin of a slightly different construction on which is shown diagrammatically a bunch and the overlapping coils of yarn.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 of another type of bobbin with the winding of the yarn shown diagrammatically with no bunch.

Fig. 7 is a plan view partly in section of still another type of bobbin with a bunch and the windings of the yarn shown diagrammatically.

Fig. 8 is a substantially sectional view of another type of bobbin with no bunch and with the winding of the yarn shown diagrammatically.

Fig. 9 is a plan view of still another type of bobbin shown partly in section with a bunch and the winding of the yarn shown diagrammatically.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of still another type of bobbin with a special type of bunch and the winding of the yarn both shown diagrammatically. l i

In the drawing, S represents a shuttle of any usual type, that shown being of the automatic or self-threading type having a bobbin recess 100 and an eye E in one side.

B represents a bobbin formed with a head 20 having at what might be called the back 24, a disc shaped or flat annular face and at the front 25 a flat annular face from which projects a substantially cylindrical or tubular barrel 21.

This head and barrel are of a well known type, but are not of the type where there is a tapered portion forming either part of the head or part of the barrel where those parts adjoin each other.

Barrel 21 ends in a tip 22 which is ordinarily proximate the shuttle eye and ordinarily there would be running wholly or part way through the bobbin, a spindle hole 23, as shown in Fig. 3.

In the type, shown in Figs. 1 and 2, there is,

forming part of tip 22, an annular conical enlargement indicated by 29. The barrel 21 spreads conically outward at 29 and then tapers inward at 22 to the extreme tip 122.

The yarn Y is of substantially cylindrical form and is ordinarily of rayon filaments twisted or spun together in any usual way. The general shape of the yarn mass on this type of arrowhead bobbin .is shown in the dotted lines at M.

This yarn mass is built up of overlapping layers each of which is shown graphically in Fig. 4, the layers themselves being shown graphically in Fig. 2.

The yarn Y may start as at 10 where the tip 29 starts to spread and is then wound in an expanding frustro-conical coil to 11 thence back to 12 out again to 13 etc. until the package is built substantially back to the front face 25 of head 20.

When unwinding as from a point 19, the yarn Y is being pulled against the entire yarn mass and balloons or unwinds around it until it reaches the first few layers such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. It continues in this way and while the friction is less than at the start of unwinding, the tendency of the coil to spring oil? is counteracted by the enlargement 29 of the tip and by the adjoining coils of yarn.

In Fig. 5 is shown a bobbin with a head 30 having back and front faces 34 and '35 similar to 24 and 25, a cylindrical or tubular barrel 31 ending in a tip 32 with an annular enlargement 39 which is smaller than that shown at 29 being merely a small annular shoulder.

In this case, the shape of the yarn mass N, as shown by the dotted lines tapers inward at front and back.

36 represents the well known type of bunch used generally on bobbins for shuttles for automatic looms except that it is wound near the tip 32 instead of near the head 30.

The yarn is wound in a series of overlapping layers 130 starting with a short traverse at the bunch 36 and building up to the circle 33 from whence the coils are equal and their large ends form a cylinder to 3'? which then tapers down to '38. Thepull from 139 has the same effect as in the type shown in Fig.2, and the enlargement 32 together with bunch 36 keeps the restof the yarn from springing off. With this type of build, the coils between 33 and 32 encounter less friction than where they must pass over the arrowhead enlargement 29, but the tendency to spring off is still counteracted.

In Fig 6 is shown a common type of bobbin with .a head 40 and cylindrical barrel 41 around which are a series of projecting annular bosses such as 49, 49, the tip 42 being of the same size as the rest of barrel 41 although some of the bosses 49 may be proximate or part of said tip.

The build shown on this bobbin does not include a bunch but is indicated graphically as wellas possible.

The winding starts, let us say, at 46 and the traverse is to 47 thence back to 146 which causes the layers to slightly overlap then back to 147 which is a little short of 4'1 etc.

This is a well known type of winding known as the short traverse and the result is a yarn mass 0 shown by the dotted lines which tapers ateach end.

The different layers are not exactly truncated cones, but curve more or less although the general-effect at each'end is conical.

In Fig. 7, is shown a bobbin with a head 50 having the faces 54 and 55 and a barrel 51 which tapers slightly outward from the head to the tip 52, as shown, in what might be called an enlargement 59. The object of the enlargement in each case is to prevent or counteract any tendency of the yarn to slip off the tip and it is obvious that this tapered type might extend the entire length of the barrel, as shown in Fig. '7, or only part way as shown in Fig. 8.

In Fig. 8 the head has faces 64 and 65 and the barrel from the face 65 to 66 tapers down and from 66 to the tip 62 spreads or tapers out in a frustro-conical manner as shown at 69.

A spindle hole such as 53 in Fig. 7 and the part 63 in Fig. 8 is shown as tapering slightly, as by so tapering, either of these types of bobbin can be set on a spindle in a spinning or twisting frame with the tip down instead of up and the yarn can be built on it in the usual manner, but from the tip to the head instead of from the head to the tip.

In Fig. 8, the other part of the spindle at 68 tapers down from the head 60 to 66 so that the bobbin can be forced on a spindle in a shuttle of the hand threading type.

In Fig. 9 at 86 or as shown at 56 in Fig. 7, a bunch can be built with the ordinary winding devices or building devices.

In some types of looms, a so-called bunch is very "necessary or desirable for the successful operation of bobbin transfer mechanism or loom stopping mechanism such as usually depends upon the action of a mechanical or electrical feeler finger.

There are many types of feeler fingers, but I show one at K in Fig. 9 which is a very common type. With this type, the feeler engages the yarn mass until it is unwound down almost to the end and when it strikes the bare bobbin barrel 88, it moves to the right or left, as shown by the dotted lines.

In some other cases, it operates by distance and in still others by making an electric contact with a metal ferrule on the bobbin barrel.

In any case, however, .it depends for its operation. on the different feeling between a bobbin barrel bare and a bobbin barrel wound with yarn.

Obviously, if, instead of as in Fig. '9, the feeler K was near the head, as soon as some of the yarn unwound, the loom wouldstop. or the bobbin would be transferred and for that reason, it may be necessaryitov move the feeler out near the tip changing the loom mechanism accordingly and locating the bunch near the tip as at 36, 56, 86 instead of near the head where it is usually located.

This construction is shown in Figs. 5, 7 and 9.

However, as an alternative construction, as shown in Fig. 10, a bobbin having a head "70 and barrel 7-1 with tip 72 can be wound in the following manner.

Starting near the head 70 a suitable bunch '76 can be wound in position to engage a feeler such as K and from thence a light winding such as '77 can extend along the cylindrical barrel 71 right out to the tip 72 from whence it is wound in the reverse manner as shown at 78 right back as shown by the dotted lines R to the head.

The result of this winding is that the yarn Y 'unwinds first near the head and leaves the bunch 76until everything is unwound as far as the tip 72' whence the unwinding runs back "along '77 finally reaching the bunch '76. This bunch may be of the shape indicated and when this is partly unwound, the feeler K functions in the usual manner.

Such a bunch may really comprise two parts, one at the right of X being a bunch proper and the part at the left of X serving to receive the feeler K and to be unwound just before the part at the right is unwound.

I may use a bobbin with rings such as R in Fig. 2 for use in an automatic loom or one with a suitable spindle hole through its head such as 68 in Fig. 8 or 83 in Fig. 9 to fit a spindle in a shuttle.

In every case, the small end such as 12 of each coil is towards the bobbin head, and the large end as 11 is towards the tip.

I claim:

1. The combination with a shuttle having a bobbin recess and an eye; of a bobbin positioned in said recess, said bobbin being formed with a head having a flat, annular face at its front, and a barrel which projects centrally from said front face and ends in a tip, which tip is proximate the shuttle eye and includes an annular conical enlargement; of a mass of substantially cylindrical rayon yarn which is wound as a reverse filling wind from the tip towards the head in a series of overlapping layers; and friction material attached inside the bobbin recess proximate the enlarged bobbin tip.

2. The combination with a shuttle having a bobbin recess and an eye; of a bobbin positioned in said recess, said bobbin being formed with a head having a fiat, annular face at its front, and a barrel which projects centrally from said front face and ends in a tip, which tip is proximate the shuttle eye and includes an annular enlargement; of a mass of rayon yarn which is wound as a reverse filling wind from the tip towards the head in a series of overlapping layers; and friction material attached inside the bobbin recess proximate the enlarged bobbin tip.

3. The combination with a shuttle having a bobbin recess and an eye; of a bobbin positioned in said recess, said bobbin being formed with a head having a fiat, annular face at its front, and a barrel which projects centrally from said front face and ends in a tip, which tip is proximate the shuttle eye and includes an annular enlargement; and a mass of rayon yarn which is wound as a reverse filling wind from the tip towards the head in a series of overlapping layers.

4. The combination with a bobbin having a head with a flat, annular face at its front, and a barrel which projects centrally from said front face and ends in a tip, which tip includes an annular conical enlargement; of a mass of substantially cylindrical rayon yarn which is wound as a reverse filling wind from the tip towards the head in a series of overlapping layers.

5. The combination with a bobbin having a head with a fiat, annular face at its front, and a barrel which projects centrally from said front face and ends in a tip, which tip includes an annular enlargement; of a mass of rayon yarn which is wound as a reverse filling wind from the tip towards the head in a series of overlapping layers.

6. The combination with a bobbin having a head with a flat, annular face at its front, and a barrel which projects centrally from said front face and ends in a tip; of a mass of substantially cylindrical rayon yarn the main body of which is wound as a reverse filling wind from the tip towards the head in a series of overlapping layers, there being a bunch of yarn formed on the barrel from that end of the yarn which is first wound thereon.

ISAAC SNOW. 

